1. 手术：随着自然科学的不断进步和人类对自身的组织结构认识的不断深入,经过长时间的知识积累,用哲学的话来说经过漫长的量变过程,终于圆满解决了上述五大难题,使切开手术(Surgical operation)变为现实,实现了人类和疾病斗争能力的一次划时代的进步,

2. 外科手术：surgical oncology 肿瘤外科 | surgical operation 外科手术 | surgical pathology 外科病理学

3. 外科手术式的作战：street fighting巷战 | surgical operation外科手术式的作战 | surrender投降

noun

1. a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments
performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body

e.g. they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available
he died while undergoing surgery

Synonym: operationsurgerysurgical proceduresurgical process