Workers in many jobs deal with hazards, dangers, so it's important to have good safety practices. In this lesson, we'll learn about possible dangers in the workplace and how workers can protect themselves from injury being hurt and illness becoming sick. If you work with chemicals, some of those chemicals may be corrosive, meaning able to destroy other substances, or toxic, meaning dangerous to plants, animals, or people. There is also radioactive material, which gives off a form of energy that can damage living things. Some chemicals in reactions produce fumes, gas, or vapor that can be irritating or harmful. In this case, it's important to have good ventilation, circulation of air in the area. The substance that can catch fire can be called flammable or inflamible material. Although those words look like opposites, they are actually the same. Another danger is high voltage, meaning that a very strong electrical current is running through some equipment. If a person comes into contact with that electricity, he or she will receive a shock. Some factories produce hazardous waste, waste that could cause damage to people's health or to the environment. There are laws about how to properly dispose of hazardous waste. Dispose means throw it away or destroy it. In order to neutralize or minimize the dangers.

Doctors, nurses, and other workers in the medical profession must be careful with biohazards, chemical substances that could be a danger to health. These include medical waste such as used syringes, as well as samples of bacteria and viruses that cause disease. In construction sites and factories, workers must follow the proper procedures, step-by-step instructions, when working with machines and equipment. Otherwise, a part of their body could get caught in the machinery. It's also important to keep the work area clean and dry so that there is less risk that a worker will trip or slip. Let's learn some vocabulary for safety equipment. Companies should provide their workers with personal protective equipment, such as the following items. A hard hat to protect against falling tools or debris. A mask or a respirator prevents you from inhaling dust or dangerous gases. Ear plugs or earmuffs to protect your ears from loud noises. Safety glasses or goggles protect your eyes. Gloves protect your hands and boots protect your feet. A harness prevents you from falling if you are working at great heights.

A brightly colored vest may be worn by a construction worker so that he or she is more easily seen. Police officers sometimes wear a ballistic vest or bulletproof vest to protect themselves from being shot. And a hazmat suit protects your whole body from dangerous substances. It's also important for workplaces to have a first aid kit which contains some basic medical supplies. Many buildings also have a defibrillator, a device that can restart someone's heart if the heart has stopped beating. When a fire breaks out, the smoke detector will notice the presence of smoke and sound the fire alarm. This alarm can also be activated manually. These sprinklers may activate to spray water in the area of the fire and another way to put out a fire is by using a fire extinguisher. If the building needs to be evacuated, meaning everyone needs to leave the building for safety reasons, the emergency exits provide additional ways to get out. You can click on the link in the lesson text for more health and safety vocabulary.

Although we try to prevent problems and disasters, they sometimes happen anyway. Insurance is a way to mitigate risk, meaning decrease the intensity of the risk. The basic premise of insurance is that you get an insurance policy that's an official contract for the insurance plan. And every month you pay an amount of money to the insurance company. These monthly payments are called premiums. Then if a disaster occurs, you can make a claim, meaning tell the insurance company what happened and ask for the money needed to handle the problem. If the incident is covered by your insurance policy, they will either pay for the expenses directly, or if you have already paid, then they can reimburse you, meaning give you money to compensate for the expense. Some insurance policies are very comprehensive, meaning they cover a wide variety of possible problems, and others offer coverage for only a few things.

The more comprehensive the policy, the more expensive the premiums. With some insurance plans, the benefits only become active after you have surpassed your deductible. That's an amount of money you need to pay out of pocket, meaning pay by yourself without assistance. Per year. For example, if your plan has a $5,000 deductible, then you have to pay for the first $5,000 in expenses during the year. Money expenses over a total of $5,000 will be paid by the insurance. It's also important to check your plan for any exemptions, things that are excluded from the insurance coverage. Some of the most common types of insurance include auto insurance, which covers damage to your car and others cars in case of an accident. Health or dental insurance helps pay medical or dental expenses. Homeowner's insurance covers damage to your home from bad weather, fires, vandalism, etc. Life insurance pays your spouse or children a large amount of money if you die and you're no longer around to work and pay the bills. There's also public or general liability insurance for companies covering damage or injuries they might cause to members of the public. And workers' compensation for companies pays for an employee's medical care and lost wages if he or she is injured on the job.

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